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The O-Boats

Unknown O boat makes a static dive dockside.
Unknown O boat makes a static dive dockside.
An other O boat is tied up to the pier in the background.
Possibly Portsmouth or the Fore River Shipyard in the background.



The following PDF Files are the Qualification Notebook of Robert E, Fretz MM3. He was qualifying aboard the USS O-1. The exact date is unknown but circa 1920 is likely. The book has been scanned by weeks to allow for faster loading. These files are not for downloading or distribution. The digitization and images of this notebook are Copyright by Ric Hedman. The notebook is in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman.

QUALIFICATIONS, WEEK #1



Six "O" boats moored to tender USS Camden AS 6.
Camden was the former German cargo ship SS Keil.
Photo is post Feb. 1919
O-10 and O-8 are shown as the outboard two boats.


USS O-1
USS O-1 in dry dock
USS O-1 SS 62 in dry dock

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Original Drawing In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman

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High Pressure Air
Original Drawing In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman

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Trim and Drain System
Original Drawing In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-2
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USS O-2 keel laying on July 27, 1917 at Bremerton, Washington. One of 2 O class subs to be built by Governments yards, the other being the O-1 layed down at Portsmouth, NH. The other O Class were to be built by Electric Boat and Lake yards.

US Navy Photo

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USS O-2 on launch day May 24, 1918 at Bremerton Naval Ship Yard. Notice that she is being launched without shafts or props and no stern planes or rudder. From the lighting in the photo it seems to be a late afternoon launch.

The submarine in frame on the right in the photo is the USS H-6, one of six "H" class submarines being assembled at the same time at the ship yard. These subs had been intended for the Russian Navy and had been built in Canada but the Russian Revolution halted the sale. The US Navy bought them and had them sent to Bremerton for assembly.

You can also see that it is a bit of a rainy day with a lot of the spectators using umbrellas. If you look at the water under the slipway you can see the rings from the rain hitting the water. The ropes that seem to attach the submarine to the cradle are really to prevent the blocking from floating away once the submarine is floating on its own. The cradle and blocking will be used for the next vessel needing them.

US Navy Photo

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USS O-2 on launch day May 24, 1918 at Bremerton Naval Ship Yard. Notice that she is being launched without bow planes and some super structure plating missing. Also the torpedo tube bow cap is missing, it should be visible just behind the bunting on the top left. The bottom of the submarine is covered with chalk notations about construction and where to drill. Bisected by the second vertical brace is the Fessenden Oscillator used for underwater communication and identification. From the lighting in the photo it seems to be a late afternoon launch.

The submarines in frame on the left in the photo are the USS H-5 and H-6 with the workman on top, two of six "H" class submarines being assembled at the same time at the ship yard. These subs had been intended for the Russian Navy and had been built in Canada but the Russian Revolution halted the sale. The US Navy bought them and had them sent to Bremerton for assembly.

You can also see that it is a bit of a rainy day with a number of the spectators wearing raincoats. A rain slick can be seen on the planking under foot on the right. The ropes that seem to attach the submarine to the cradle are really to prevent the blocking from floating away once the submarine is floating on its own. The cradle and blocking will be used for the next vessel needing them.

US Navy Photo

USS O-2
Seen under the hull of the USS O-2 are the submarines H-5 (left) and the H-6 (right) in frame with a workman sitting on the frames of the H-8 to watch the launch of the O-2. Barely seen are two other workman to the right seen partly through the last opening. One is seen standing below and to the left slightly of the one sitting.
Part of a US Navy Photo

USS O-2
Close-up of the chalk marks on the bottom of the O-2. It seems that an inspector has been checking the rivets and seams prior to launch.
Part of a US Navy Photo

USS O-2
Close-up of the Fessenden Oscillator used for underwater communication and identification. This unit was a predecessor to the what became known as SONAR. Invented by Canadian born Reginald Fessenden, who later became a naturalized American citizen, in 1912 as the first of the successful underwater listening devices.
Part of a US Navy Photo

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USS O-2 down the ways on launch day May 24, 1918 at Bremerton Naval Ship Yard. Notice that she is being launched without bow planes and some super structure plating missing. Also the torpedo tube bow cap is missing. The submarines sponsor, Mrs Francis T. Chew, can be seen atop the launch platform in the top left of the photo. From the lighting in the photo it seems to be a late afternoon launch and the sun has finally broken through as evidenced by the shadows on the submarines hull. The ropes that seem to attach the submarine to the cradle are really to prevent the blocking from floating away once the submarine is floating on its own. The cradle and blocking will be used for the next vessel needing them.

US Navy Photo

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USS O-2 in the water three days after her launching at Bremerton Naval Ship Yard. Here her fitting out has begun. The stern is to the left in the photo and bow to the right. Her stern is still light due her not having shafts, props or rudders or stern planes. Her bow is still missing the superstructure plating and bow cap. On the top of the hull can be seen her Main Induction piping to bring air to her diesel engines and to the left of the gangway plank and her bridge access trunk to the right of it.

US Navy Photo

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USS O-2 in the water three days after her launching at Bremerton Naval Ship Yard. Here her fitting out has begun. The stern is to the left in the photo and bow to the right. Her stern is still light due her not having shafts, props or rudders or stern planes. Her bow is still missing the superstructure plating and bow cap. On the top of the hull can be seen her Main Induction piping to bring air to her diesel engines and to the left of the gangway plank and her bridge access trunk to the right of it. Workmen can be seen on her decks and on the dock.

US Navy Photo

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USS O-2 in the water three days after her launching at Bremerton Naval Ship Yard. Here her fitting out has begun. The stern is to the left in the photo and bow to the right. On the top of the hull can be seen her Main Induction piping to bring air to her diesel engines and to the left of the gangway plank and her bridge access trunk to the right of it. Workmen can be seen on her decks and on the dock. At the waterline you can see her starboard rubbing strake placed at the widest part of her hull. It is placed there to protect the hull from damage from rubbing against docks or other vessels. When the sub is fully fitted out this strake would normally be many feet under water.

US Navy Photo

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USS O-2 SS 63 diving The USS O-2 was used in the design by William C. Eddy, then a cadet, for the crest for the Naval Academy class of 1926.
Capt. Eddy's story: Here

US Navy Photo

"Back in 1922, I was on the Class Crest Committee and, using a 'bows on' photo of  the (submarine) 'O-2' and adding two dolphins rampant, I came up with a design of the '26 class crest. About two years later, George Meale of Bailey, Banks and Biddle, mentioned that the submarine service was looking for a design for "Submarine Wings" to denote qualification in Submarines.
Using my original sketches of the '26 crest, and flattening out the dolphins, we came up with the present submarine insignia which was adopted by the Navy.
George gave me what purported to be the first dolphins struck from the dies, which I gave to my mother.
I was very proud to reclaim this original dolphins after qualifying in the '35 boat'. The class might be interested in the tie-in between the '26 crest, the O-2, and the present Dolphins." 
Original Sketch by Wm. Eddy

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USS O-2 SS 63 diving The USS O-2 was used in the design by William C. Eddy, then a cadet, for the crest for the Naval Academy class of 1926.
Capt. Eddy's story: Here

US Navy Photo

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USS O-2 SS 63 diving The USS O-2 was used in the design by William C. Eddy, then a cadet, for the crest for the Naval Academy class of 1926. Capt. Eddy's story: Here

US Navy Photo

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USS O-2 SS 63 on the surface after diving.

US Navy Photo

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This live action shot of an "O" boat surfacing could very well be the USS O-2 as seen in the previous sequence of publicity photos.

The submarine is seen rapidly coming to the surface. Water pouring from her bridge and flowing from the limber holes in the hull forward.

The submarines nomenclature pretty much identical to those seen in the previous photos so it seems logical to presume it is the same vessel.

US Navy Photo

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The same for this image of an "O" boat running at speed on the surface. She appears to be close to a shore but there is little to try and identify the location. Time frame is likely the late 1930's.

Again, the nomenclature of the submarine seems to match that of the USS O-2 though that does not confirmed her the O-2.

US Navy Photo

USS O-2 and USS V-4 (Argonaut) in dry dock
USS O-2 and USS V-4 (Argonaut) in dry dock, March 29, 1928.
Dry dock is flooding through openings in dry dock doors, at rear.



USS O-3
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The location shown in this photo is at Submarine Base New London in Groton, Connecticut. The time frame is probably early-20's. Interesting photo. One boat has the gun raised and one boat has it lowered. Also, note the differences in the forward edge of the conning tower fairwater. Both boats were built to the same EB design, but O-2 was built under license by the Puget Sound Navy Yard in Bremerton, Washington and O-3 by EB's contractor Fore River Shipbuilding in Massachusetts. The bridge mounted radio aerial stanchions are also different. The riveted construction is very apparent.

The large building on the opposite side of the Thames River is Connecticut College, popularly known today as "Conn College". The college was founded in 1911 as the "Connecticut College for Women". In 1969 it was made Co-Ed.

Photo In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman
Caption by Dave Johnston

USS O-3 SS 64
USS O-3 SS 64

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A crew photo of the USS O-3 taken at Panama circa 1924 when all the boats in the picture were assigned to Coco Solo. The O-10 in the foreground, the O-3 with its crew on deck, an unidentified O, (possibly the 6, 7 or 9; all there at that time) and the O-7 in the back. A small boat of some type is mooring up to the O-7 at the far right. The Submarine Tender USS Alert is seen in the background. It is uncertain if the port is Coco Solo or another Port in the Canal Zone.

There are 30 men in the crew. Three officers, a LtCdr, a Lieut. And a Lieut jg. There are 4 chiefs seen, also, one right arm rate, most likely a Gunners Mate (Torpedoman) and three left arm rates, possibly Machinist mates and Electricians. We are unable to see the rates clearly.

At the far left is a man wearing leggings making one think he is probably the topside watch. There is a man in the background on the O-7 wear legging also so this might be a uniform reg set by the base as to duty uniform.

The 11th man from the left is a first class right arm rate with several specialty patches on his right arm. The lower one looks to be designating him as a Gun Pointer an the one above seems to be a loose figure 8 knot meaning he is an Ex-Apprentice. The O Class subs had 3"/23 caliber retracting deck guns as seen in the photo.

The man who is 5 to the left of the last chief has a Signalman's crossed flags on his lower right sleeve.

Right Arm Rates were established in 1841 and disestablished 2 April 1949. These originally signified men of the Seaman branch. These rates included Boatswains Mate, Turret Captain, Signalman, Gunners Mate, Fire Controlman, Quartermaster, Mineman, and Torpedomans Mate. Other ratings wore rates on the left sleeve... Radiomen, Yeomen (office personnel), Ship's Cooks, engine-room personnel . . . and that sort, were 'left-arm' rates, and the crows were worn on the left arm. In 1948 all rating badges were moved to the left arm

It is noticed that none of the men, even the officers, are wearing the submarine qualification Dolphin insignia. This aids in dating the photo because the Dolphins were officially approved for use on 20 March 1924 by the Acting Secretary of the Navy, Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. Allowing for production distribution issues to be resolved, it is likely that the Dolphins would not have begun to appear in the force prior to the summer of 1924. This photo was most likely taken in the months preceding that.

Photo In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman
Information Assistance By Dave Johnston

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Three officers, a LtCdr, a Lieut. And a Lieut jg. are seen in this close up. Based on Rank the Commanding Officer, the LtCdr, should be on the right, the XO, the Lieut., in the middle and the 3rd Officer on the left. The discovery of who these officers are is still in progress.

Photo In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman

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Four chiefs are seen in this part of the photo. One man, on the right, is a Right Arm rate, most likely a Gunners Mate (Torpedoman) and other three are Left Arm rates, possibly Machinist mates and Electricians. We are unable to see the rates clearly.

Photo In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman

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These men are a mixture of Right and Left Arm Rates none of which can be identified. The second man from the left has crossed signal flags on his right lower arm meaning he was proficient in sending and reading signal flag semaphore. He is probably a Quartermaster.

Photo In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman

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The man on the extreme left is a first class right arm rate with several specialty patches on his right arm. The lower one looks to be designating him as a Gun Pointer an the one above seems to be a loose figure 8 knot meaning he is an Ex-Apprentice. He may be a Gunnersmate, or probably a Gunnersmate (Torpedoman). The O Class subs had 3"/23 caliber retracting deck guns as seen in the photo.

Photo In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman

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Almost the rest of the crew. Not much stands out as being significant in this group of sailors.

Photo In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman

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This close up just shows the last three men missing from the last image above. At the far left is a man wearing leggings making one think he is probably the topside watch. There is a man in the background on the O-7 wear legging also so this might be a uniform reg set by the base as to duty uniform. (see image below))

Photo In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman

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Man has leggings and probably the Topside Watch. The barrel of the 3"/23 caliber retracting deck guns as seen in the photo.

Photo In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman

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Feb. 4, 1930 The submarine 0-3, bound from New London, Conn., to Portsmouth, ran aground In a heavy snow on a ledge off the Rye coast between Ordiorne Point and the Wallis Sands coast guard station, a few miles south of Portsmouth harbor. She was aground five hours before the navy tug M. Mitchell Davis got her off shortly after 11. There was little damage to the submarine but she was still towed the rest of the way into Portsmouth Shipyard. She going to the shipyard anyway for her annual overhaul after a year of training duty at the Sub Base.

The men seen on the bridge are, left to right, Lieutenant (jg) Joseph T. Sheehan from Worcester, Mass and the subs Captain William L. Ware from Swanee, Tenn.

Newspaper Wire Photo In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-4
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This really great photo still has an indeterminate location. The best we can come up with is the Balboa end of the Panama Canal. The steep hills and the town adhering itself to them almost gives it a Mediterranean feel. But this is just conjecture. There are several large vessels anchored out like they could be waiting a turn at transiting the locks. The time frame is circa 1921.

In the foreground are four US Submarines. Outer most is the USS O-4, then the O-6 and next is the O-10. The very last submarine is unknown. All crews are on deck and appear to be, like most young sailors, fidgeting, waiting for what ever is to happen to happen. The men are in dress whites and trying to keep them clean. What is going on could be a change of command for the Squadron or Division or maybe a general inspection.

The O-4 and O-6 have their 3"/23 caliber deck guns raised, the O-10's gun is still deck housed and there seems to be a discussion among chiefs and officers standing around it. Could also just be a coincidence location.

What direction we are looking is unknown but the sun and wind direction is coming from photo right.

Photo In The Private Collection Of Ric Hedman

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In this close-up we see the conning tower fairwaters in more detail. Also it will be noted that each of the three submarine has four masts raised. Three of which are periscopes and one telescoping radio mast. The O-4 and O-6 both have wind screens mounted to their bridges. The O-10 may also have one but it is not in place.

On the O-10 you can clearly see how the telescoping radio mast works. The lower section is raised using chains. By pulling on the chains it raises the mast as well as the smaller of the two sections. The chains were like bicycle or motorcycle chains. This can also be seen on the O-4.

At least one of the three men around the gun is a chief petty office and we suspect the one to the right of him is also due to lack of braid on the hat. Both men are wearing bow ties that were part of chiefs dress uniforms at that time. The man with his back to the camera may be an officer. The first chief seems to be looking at the gun. The discussion may be about raising the gun. Some of these guns had a reputation for suddenly retracting on their own injuring men.

One of the men is looking right at the camera, another is adjusting his hat. The rest are holding on to the radio cable for no other reason than to do just that.

Photo In The Private Collection Of Ric Hedman

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This shows a bit wider field of view and the 3"/23 caliber guns on the O-4 and O-6 in their raised and firing position. Two of the men on the O-4 are looking over the gun. A man on the O-6 has turned his head and is looking at the gun. The rest of the men are hanging off the radio antennae cable and trying to be good and keep clean.

Photo In The Private Collection Of Ric Hedman

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Here is most of the crews. They have been told to muster topside for what ever function is suppose to happen and now they are just being young guys fidgeting while waiting for it to happen. Men are still ducking under the cables and moving into their positions. We can imagine they have been told to line up by departments. Those close enough to the guards that protect the "C" tube listening gear are using them to rest their feet and legs. Except on the O-6 since there is a chief or officer on deck talking to the men and probably told them to get their feet off of them. Torpedo Room hatches are open.

Photo In The Private Collection Of Ric Hedman

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Not forgetting the crew from the unidentified submarine here they are doing and acting the same as the other crews. Waiting for the event to start and end so they can either go on Liberty and get a few drinks and other entertainments or go back below and get out of their whites.

Photo In The Private Collection Of Ric Hedman

USS O-4 SS 65
USS O-4 SS 65



USS O-5
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This detail from a much larger undated photo of the USS O-5 shows the crew on deck "manning the rails" and facing a crowded tourist boat. It seems to be a gala occasion. The crew are in winter blue uniforms and appear to be in peacoats as well.

The time frame could be some sort of post WW I victory celebration. The O-5 was part of a contingent of submarines being sent to WW I and were only partly across the ocean when the war ended. The subs were ordered to return to the US. It took the US a while to finally stage victory celebrations around the country and it is possible that various locations had ships assigned to participate. This needs more research.

Photo In The Private Collection Of Ric Hedman

USS O-5 at Cocosolo, Panama
USS O-5 and mystery sub at Coco Solo, Panama 1923.

Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

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On October 5, 1918 a battery explosion ripped through the battery compartment of the USS O-5. Lt.(jg) William Joseph Sharkey was killed and the Commanding officer LCdr. George A. Trever was hospitalized with injuries. He died nine days later from these injuries.

Lt.(j.g.) William Joseph Sharkey was born in Auburn, N.Y., on 20 March 1885. He attained the enlisted rate of Chief Gunners Mate during his naval service, he was subsequently appointed to the rank of Ensign on 15 March 1918 and was assigned to the submarine USS O-5. He was later promoted to Lt.(jg) while aboard the submarine. On 5 October 1918, Sharkey died trying to prevent a battery explosion after fumes were reported in the after battery room.

Sharkey and the Captain, LCdr. George A. Trever, were proceeding into the compartment just as the battery exploded from a build up of hydrogen gas. He was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross, on the recommendation of Cmdr. Chester W. Nimitz, who was a friend of Lt.(jg) Sharkey. Also killed in the explosion was EM/2c James L. Still.

The destroyer USS Sharkey (DD-281) was named in his honor, the ships sponsor was Mrs. Mary E. Sharkey. Also, at the Naval Submarine Base, Pearl Harbor, a theater named in honor of Lt.(jg) Sharkey. It is believed that Cmdr. (later Fleet Adm.) Chester W. Nimitz, the first commanding officer of Pearl Harbor Naval Submarine Base, named the theater in honor of his friend Lt.(jg) William Sharkey.



Navy Cross Awarded posthumously for actions during the World War I

The President of the United States of America takes pride in presenting the Navy Cross (Posthumously) to Lieutenant, Junior Grade William Joseph Sharkey, United States Navy, for exceptionally meritorious and distinguished service on board the U.S.S. O-5, at the Navy Yard, New York 6 October 1918. Lieutenant, Junior Grade, Sharkey called the attention of his Commanding Officer to the fact that the batteries were gassing, and together with his Commanding Officer started forward in the Submarine when the battery exploded and Lieutenant, Junior Grade, Sharkey was killed, his head being crushed.




(The following from Wikipedia):
George Arthur Trever (11 June 1885 to 14 October 1918) was an officer in the United States Navy in the early 1900s.

Born in Waupun, Wisconsin, Trever was appointed to the Naval Academy in May 1905 and graduated on 4 June 1909. He spent the years prior to his commissioning in cruises in Pennsylvania (Armored Cruiser No. 4); Princeton (Gunboat No. 13); and Annapolis (Gunboat No. 10). Receiving the single gold stripe of an ensign while serving in Rowan (Torpedo Boat No. 8) on 5 June 1911, Trever assumed command of that vessel later that month. In September 1912, he was transferred to Farragut (Torpedo Boat No. 11); and he commanded her until early 1914, when detached to report on board Cheyenne (Monitor No. 10).

Following his tour in Cheyenne, newly promoted Lt. (j.g.) Trever was ordered to H-1 (Submarine No. 28), then attached to the Pacific Fleet. After a two-year tour of duty commanding H-1, he reported for duty at the Mare Island Navy Yard. In the spring of 1917, Trever reported to the Puget Sound Navy Yard, Bremerton, Washington, to supervise the building of N-1 (Submarine No. 53), then on the ways at the Seattle Construction and Drydock Company, Seattle, Washington. N-1 was commissioned on 26 September 1917 and operated put of Puget Sound until transferred to New York late in the year for patrol duties in the Atlantic.

In May 1918, Trever was ordered to the Fore River Shipbuilding Company, Quincy, Massachusetts, to assist in fitting out O-5 (Submarine No. 66). He assumed command of the new O-boat on 9 June 1918 and received the temporary rank of lieutenant commander on 1 July 1918.

On 5 October 1918, during post-commissioning trials, a battery explosion occurred on board O-5, in which Trever was injured and Lt.(jg) William Joseph Sharkey and EM/2c James L. Still were killed. Nine days later, at the naval hospital, Brooklyn, New York, on 14 October 1918, Lt. Comdr. George A. Trever died as a result of the severe and multiple injuries suffered in the shipboard tragedy.



Navy Cross Awarded for actions during the World War I

The President of the United States of America takes pleasure in presenting the Navy Cross to Lieutenant Commander George Arthur Trever, United States Navy, for distinguished service in the line of his profession as Commanding Officer of the U.S.S. 0-5, operating against enemy submarines off the Atlantic coast of the United States during World War I.


Photos Provided by US Navy and On Eternal Patrol
Partial information provided by Sharkey's Grand son Douglas Chartier


Clyde Edward Hughes

Clyde Edward Hughes as seen in a chalk portrait. This image of Hughes is in the possession of John Knight, his grandnephew. Hughes was lost when the Submarine O-5 was rammed by a ship, the SS Abangarez, and sunk near the entrance to the Panama Canal, October 28, 1923.

Image courtesy of Charles Hinman of On Eternal Patrol

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April 4, 1924 President of the United States Calvin Coolidge, has just presented the Congressional Medal Of Honor to Torpeomans Mate 2 Henry Breault in a ceremony on the White House lawn. Henry Breault poses for the camera wearing the Congressional Medal Of Honor. Several Navy Admirals look on in the background.

US Navy Photo

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SS Abangarez c 1920

National Archives Photo

Salvage Photos of the USS O-5

In all our years of looking at information about the disaster we had never come across any actual salvage photos of the O-5, until now. It was a chance find with an online auction that has brought these four unique photos to the light of day. Photos 1, 3, 5 and 6 are images from this cache.


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Diving crews over the sunk USS O-5. In the first few frantic hours after being struck by the SS Abangarez oil and air bubbles were coming to the surface so the location of the vessel was well known. It was the fact that divers on their first dive learned there were men aboard alive that turned up the pressure.

Photo In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman

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Salvage of the USS O-5 off Panama 31 hours after sinking and the rescue of Henry Breault and Chief Lawrence T. Brown. They are seen exiting the submarines torpedo loading hatch which has just slipped back under water. The sub was lifted to the surface by the derrick barge USS Ajax which had made a its own heroic transit of the canal which was hampered by mud slides to make it in time to rescue the last two men alive in the O-5.

Lost in the sinking were; Clyde Edward Hughes, Motor Machinist's Mate, First Class; Thomas Theodore Metzler, Fireman, First Class and Fred C. Smith, Mess Attendant, First Class. The bodies of Metzler and Smith were found two days later floating in the water off Colon breakwater. Hughes body was never found.

Details about Medal of Honor receipient Henry Breault. More about the collision HERE.

US Navy Photo

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Sheppard J Shreaves who was Dockmaster and foreman shipwright for the Panama Canal Mechanical Division the and the head salvage diver for the Coco Solo Navy Base was the man who spent almost 24 hours in a diving suit rigging and re-rigging cables under the O-5 in efforts to raise the bow of the O-5 to get the men out of the submarine.

He was ultimately awarded the Congressional Gold Lifesaving Medal for his work in those 31 desperate hours. The enlisted submarine sailors at the Coco Solo Base presented him with a gold watch in gratitude.

After Beault and Browns' rescue, in Shreaves own account, he says: I was a big hero for a while. The boys carried me around on their shoulders. Everybody rushed down to the Stranger's Club in Colon for a big celebration. But me, I went to sleep at the party."

He is seen here standing on the starboard deck of the O-5 after the rescue and the full submarine had finally been brought to the surface. His hand is resting on the O-5 ships bell. The "5" from the name "O-5" can be seen on the side of the conning tower.

The large cable is one of the many supports holding the cofferdam built around the hole in the hull allowing the vessel to be pumped out.

Photo In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman

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The O-5 ships Bell. Sheppard J Shreaves hand on the bell. There is no clapper. Quite possibly that was removed before the sub left the pier.

Photo In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman

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In this image the cofferdam can be seen that was built around the hole in the side of the submarine made by the bow of the SS Abangarez. Bags of what is probably sand can be seen inside the cofferdam, used probably to weigh the wooden structure down so the cofferdam could be fitted around the hole and to the hull. Large hoses attached to big pumps then pumped water out of the cofferdam and water in the hull drained into the cofferdam.

Who the person in the foreground is is unknown but is undoubtedly a civilian based on the clothing. He is talking to the men in the cofferdam. His hands are resting on the muzzle of the 3"/23 caliber deck gun. What the man above him is doing is unknown.

Notice the size of the steel cable in the foreground that is supporting the O-5 to the barge and crane. The "O-5" can be seen easily on the side of the Conning Tower.

Photo In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman

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The hole made by the SS Abangarez bow when she struck the O-5. The hole was ten feet long and 3 feet wide and penetrated to a depth of forty inches into the hull.

Photo In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman

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The hole made by the SS Abangarez bow when she struck the O-5. The hole was ten feet long and 3 feet wide and penetrated to a depth of forty inches into the hull.

Photo In The Private Collection of Ric Hedman

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The USS O-5 during the salvage operation after the rescue of Henry Breault TM2 and Chief Lawrence T. Brown. The derrick barge US Ajax was used to raise the sunk O-5 to get the men out of the sub and also used during the salvage operation as seen above.
Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman


USS O-6
USS O-6 SS 67
USS O-6 SS 67
While patrolling off the American coast during WW I a British convoy captain sighted the O-6 and opened fire on her. The Capt., Lt. C.Q. Wright, jr., dove but the O-6 was hit by six shells damaging the conning tower and foreward ventilator and leaked very badly. The O-6  resurfaced and was hit several more times before she could identify herself as an American submarine.

USS O-7
USS O-7 SS 68
USS O-7 SS 68 date of photo unknown.

USS O-7 SS 68
USS O-7 SS 68. Detail of con and men. Some appear to be civilians.

Harold
Harold "Frenchy" Blair

"Spick" Carroll


Chief Gunnersmate Simmons
Chief Gunnersmate Simmons

"Swede" Hanson

US Navy Photos




USS O-7 with O-3 and R-26
Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman


Living conditions were crude on the "O" boats as related in this narrative.
Remembrances of the O-7 by John Surprenant, Retired
SN to QMCS '43=58; Ensign to LCDR 59-73

USS O-7 SS 68, USS Tirante SS 420,  USS Greenfish SS 351, 
USS Grouper SS 214, USS Burfish SS312. USS Barb SS 220, 
USS Odax SS 484, USS George Washington SSBN 598. 
USS Proteus, USS Canopus plus some Destroyer and tanker duty as well as two tours at Sub School,
===================================================
I was assigned to the O-7 coming out of sub school and waiting for a fleet boat. I was a TMSN out of torpedo school but decided I wanted to be a quartermaster and changed over. 

The CO was a CDR. Latham who had been skipper of Tautog, (USS Tautog SS 199), and while I was on board was relieved by LCDR Schatch (sp) The C.O.B., (Chief Of the Boat), was a TMC named CORSEY and I remember the leading QM was named McMILLAN.

While on board I received a set of orders to USS ESCOLAR, SS 294 which was coming through New London but I was on leave and they took another QM3 from another O boat. ESCOLAR was lost on her first patrol. I later caught USS TIRANTE SS 420 with skipper George Street who won the Medal of Honor.

The most thrilling thing about being a QM on board an O boat was opening that single dog hatch with pressure in the boat while surfacing.

O-7 operated as a school boat for sub school students. We did daily ops out of New London most of the time. Once in awhile we did an op up to Casco Bay Maine. With our rather primitive water, heat, berthing etc., it was an adventure. For two weeks you never took your foul weather gear off—and there were no showers. Berthing as I remember was all hands hot bunking which did not really matter as you were fully clothed anyway. Test depth as I remember was 170 feet and our CO CDR Latham tried it one time. We blew a couple of salt water connections and some zerk fittings flew out of the periscope grease connections.

I wish now that I appreciated the risk involved in that but I relived it when my TIRANTE skipper took us to 670 feet on a 400 foot test depth boat.

Some remembrances are the difficulty in opening the ballast tank flood valves-as a robust 18 year old 130 lb. sailor-I could barely do it.

The "conning tower" was really a tube from the control room to the bridge. When we surfaced it acted as a conduit for all the air in the boat and for the QM it was like being shot out of a canon. 

The after battery was also the messroom--no tables or seats-you got your chow on a tray and hunkered down and ate it--of course the engine room WT door was completely visible as was the hopper, (The Toilet Commode), right next to it—if your timing was right you could watch a guy doing his business while you ate your lunch. 


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What we see here is the torpedo room on the USS O-7. There is nothing to date the photo that we know of. Best we can say is circa 1917. What is seen are the four torpedo tube doors photographed through the deck access ladder. Between the tube doors, the row of vertical wheels, are the operators for opening and closing the tube outer doors for each tube. In the center of the column of handles you can see a shiny "disk". This was an indicator that showed the position of the bow cap openings. In earlier submarines this was rotated by hand and a large wheel would have been present in this location, but, by the time this class had come around it was operated electrically.

The row of horizontal valve handles at the bottom, under the tube doors, are the tube drains for emptying the tubes after a torpedo has been fired and the outer doors have been close so the inner doors can be opened. The water drained into a compensating tank, called that because the water drained into it made up (compensated) for the weight of the torpedo fired.

The submarine carried a total of eight torpedoes. Four in the tubes and four reloads. Submarines of this and like classes were only expected to make patrols of 7 to 10 days. Limits set by size, fuel, food and water so firing more than eight torpedoes wasn't to be expected. Torpedoes in the tubes could be withdrawn partially from the tubes to have maintenance performed on them.

To take a photo like this the shutter needed to be open a long time and there are several "ghosts" in the image where people moved in and out of the picture. Just above the word "Torpedo" is a dark blur. On the right side at the foot of the ladder where you should be able to see the leg of the ladder that leg disappears and so does half of the bottom rung of the ladder. An overhead light is making a blur at the top of the ladder.

The large tube at the upper left corner that leads forward, makes a sharp bend down then goes forward again, makes sharp bend in and stops is a speaking tube from the control room. In latter years this system was replaced by a low voltage telephone system.

Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman.

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Between the tube doors, the row of vertical wheels, are the operators for opening and closing the tube outer doors for each tube. In the center of the column of handles you can see a shiny "disk". This was an indicator that showed the position of the bow cap openings.

When the bow cap turned to bring the cap openings over the tube muzzle doors the tubes uncovered would show up in color, (the color was red maybe) in the openings in this disk. One top and one bottom, diagonal from each other. In earlier submarines this was rotated by hand and a large wheel would have been present in this location, but, by the time this class had come around it was operated electrically. A manual override socket can be seen to the upper right of this indicator.

Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman.

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The USS O-7 in dry dock. The date is unknown as is the location but supposed to be circa 1920. It is possible this was a dry docking prior to the 1924 deployment of O boats, including the O-7 to Panama.

The paint has been stripped from the Conning Tower Fairwater of the O-7 but the chariot bridge surround has either been painted or not had the paint removed.

There are men under the awning around the area of the 3"/23 caliber deck gun and several near the side of the fairwater. A couple more on the right end of the awning and from the looks working on something under the walking deck.

A number of access plates have been removed from the hull and the bow planes have been rigged out. The torpedo tube bow cap has been rotated slightly and the opening for a torpedo to fire through has been revealed and there is a line or hose leading into it.

It is interesting to note the gesture to safety with the rigging of a net midships to catch men or other things from damage or injury if fallen or dropped.

Between the second and third scaffolding "A" frames from the right, along the hull, closer the second, three sharp dents can be seen in the hull where the submarine had some close calls impacting someone or something. Perhaps these were in the area of a tank and not threatening to the submarine.

The lower left of the image the USS O-8 can be seen. About the only piece is the part with the O-8 letters on the hull visible. Part of the O-8 fore deck has been removed for work.

Photo In The Private Collection Of Ric Hedman

USS O-8
USS O-8 SS 69
USS O-8 SS 69
USS O-8 as a training submarine at Sub Base New London during World War II.


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The USS O-8 seen here in the early 1920's. The photo could be taken during the summer months as signified by the wearing of white uniforms or perhaps taken at Panama while she was stationed there from 1924 to 1928.

The activity on deck seems to be centered around the forward hatch where crew look to be entering the submarine or be lowering or lifting something through the hatch. There is an officer at the left edge of the grouping. One crew member has his posterior pointed at the camera and he seems to be cleaning or doing maintenance around the 3"/23 deck gun.

The submarine is part of SubDiv 8 as noted in the symbol on the side of the bridge fairing.

Image from an Original Negative in the Private collection of Ric Hedman


USS O-8 SS 69
USS O-8 SS 69
The object on the deck the men are standing around is the
3"/23 deck gun retracted into its below deck housing in a vertical position as shown here.

USS O-8 SS 69
USS O-8 and an other "O" boat inside the Panama canal.

USS O-8 SS 69
USS O-8 SS 69

USS O-8 in Dry Dock
USS O-8 SS 69 in drydock.
The arrangement at the bow is lashings holding the anchor in place
away from the hawshole while work is being done in that area.
The #2 torpedo tube outer door & shutter is open
Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

O-boats
O-8 and two other unidentified sub moored Sub Base New London, circa 1920.
Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

O-boats
O-8 heading down river from the Sub Base New London, circa 1920.
Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

O-boats
Two "O" boats in dry dock. The closest one is probably the O-8.
Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-8 moored to a tender
USS O-8 moored to a tender. Two other O-boats moored inside her to tender Camden.
Possibly WW I time frame since boats have deck guns.

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The photo is dated December 13, 1930 and the submarine is the USS O-8 diving someplace in the New England area. There is a bit of low land visible in the background. The location could be Long Island Sound as the O-8 was based out of New London Sub Base at the time. It might also be off Provincetown, Cape Cod where the Navy kept an underwater trial course. A "Measured Mile".

The submarine is traveling from right to left. A bit of "bow wave" can be seen at the left edge of the bridge fairing. The "A" frame carrying the long wire antenna over the bridge is always on the forward side of the periscopes.

In February 1931, a few months after this photo, USS O-8 sailed to Philadelphia in preparation for decommissioning. She was formally decommissioned on May 27, 1931. She was moored at League Island in the Delaware River waiting further fate until the threat of World War II caused a recall to active service. USS O-8 recommissioned at Philadelphia April 28, 1941. In June she returned to Submarine School, New London to train students there until war's end.

Photo In The Private Collection Of Ric Hedman


USS O-9
USS O-9 SS 70
USS O-9 SS 70

USS O-9 at Coco Solo, Panama 1923
Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman.



The innuendo that comes with these following photos is that were taken aboard the USS O-9. This has not been confirmed through further photographic verification since photos of the O-9 spaces shown have not been able to be located. The few photos that do exist of these spaces were taken on other known boats and possibly 20 years later and much may have changed. Though photos are not an exact match they do have a close resemblance to one another. The O-9 sank suddenly on June 20, 1941 with the loss of all aboard while on maneuvers off the Isle of Shoals near Portsmouth, NH.


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The noted difference between this photo and other "O" class subs is that the torpedo tube doors have been painted white while others have been left polished brass.

The "O" class, O-1 thru O-10, submarines built by Electric Boat, had rotating torpedo tube bow caps. Lake built O-11 thru O-16 had shutter doors. The bow cap had two opening. Only tubes diagonal from each other could be opened and fired before the bow cap needed to be rotated again.

When the cap is in a closed position for all tubes, one hole is at the top of the cap behind the bow stem. The bottom hole is behind the lower portion of the bow stem. Rotating the cap opens one top tube and one lower tube diagonal from each other.

The two tubes seen on the right are, from top to bottom, Number 1 and Number 3. The two tubes on the left are, from top to bottom, Number 4 and Number 2. Just to the left of tube Number 4 and even with the top of the door is the cone shaped mouth piece for the speaking tube from Control.

The row of wheels between the tubes are for opening and closing the torpedo tube outer doors on the outside of the submarine. In the center of the column of handles you can see a shiny "disk". This was an indicator that showed the position of the bow cap openings. In earlier submarines this was rotated by hand and a large wheel would have been present in this location, but, by the time this class had come around it was operated electrically.

Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman.

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A view looking to port. Seen faintly on the tube doors are a "4" on the top tube and more clearly, a "2" on the bottom tube door. The speaking tube to the Control Room is distinctly visible in the left top center of the photo.

The levers seen at the left side of the tube doors are for rotating the locking rings to hold the torpedo tube doors closed against sea pressure. This ring ensured an equal force around the outer edge of the door and on its gasket seal.

Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman.

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This photo shows the after port side of the Control Room bulkhead with a pyramid of pressure gages for the, among others, 500, 300 and 100 pound air systems. Also, among these gages are the Torpedo Impulse Tank Repeater Gages.

The operating wheel for the stern planes and part of the depth gage are also seen. Each planesman had a depth gage in front of them. (The wheel for the bow planes would be to the right and is out of the photo.) Below the pyramid of gages are the handles for an air manifold.

The cluster of gages on the left are for the five air banks each containing six air flasks each. The gages are from left to right as follows: Air Bank #2, Air Bank #4 on the top; Air Bank #1, Air Bank #3 and Air Bank #5 on the bottom. Air Bank #1 was located in the Control Room. Air Bank #2 was split; 3 flasks in Control and 3 Flasks in the Torpedo Room. The rest of the air banks were also in the Torpedo Room, all in a space under the deck called the "Air Bottle Well".

The flasks in Control were under the deck also in their own "Air Bottle Well". All these air banks are charged to 2500 PSI and reduced to working pressures of 500 pounds, 300 pounds , 200 pounds and 100 pounds. Diesel air start was 750 pounds.

There is a row of small valves below the air bank gages that isolate the gages from the air banks. Below that are five valves that opened or closed the air banks. These have no handles. They are operated by a wrench, painted white, and hanging on the frame above and to the right of these valves. Normally there would be one, maybe two air banks on service and the rest held in reserve. One might be designated "Captains Air Bank" and not used unless ordered to do so by the Captain.

Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman.

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The Engine Room looking aft between the diesel engines. There is a water tight door leading to the Motor Room and it shows, at the bottom of the door, the large dome shape of the Low Pressure Ballast Pump.

The large circular device just above the LPP and to the left is a motor of some kind, possibly to the High Presser Pump but more research is necessary. The half circle to the left of that is one half of two coolers for the high pressure air compressors.

There seems to be one or more extension cords coiled up and hung over one of the water tight door dogs. In normal at sea operations this would not be something that was done. Doors and their fittings were to be unencumbered at all times.

Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman.

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A view looking forward in the Engine Room between the two diesel engines. Up the steps and through the water tight door is the After Battery Compartment. Detail through the door is very sketchy.

Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman.

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A closer look at the Low Pressure Ballast Pump in the Motor Room of an O class submarine. Though this photo came with the photos alluded to be the USS O-9 there is a difference in the two photos showing this space.

This Low Pressure Ballast Pump was capable of 1500 gallon per minute at a 20 foot pound head. It pumped water to and from the "Main Drain", a hollow duct keel that flooded or emptied the Ballast Tanks. The Ballast Tanks could also be filled by flood ports in the bottom of the hull and through a Kingston Valve. The High Pressure Pump had a capacity of 200 gallon per minute at a 300 foot pound head of pressure.

What is thought to be the motor for the High Pressure Pump in this photo is missing the covering over the chain drive to what is probably the pump. The cover is clearly seen the the other photo above. It is supposed that the cover could have been easily removed for the photo or some other reason. That is unknown at this point in time.

The two circular coolers for the High Pressure Air Compressors are clearly seen. When air is compressed to higher pressures it becomes hot. Before it was directed to the air flasks for storage it needed to be cooled. The cooling was done by passing the air over coils with cool sea water pumped through them. Kind of the reverse of a hot water boiler.

It is remarkable seeing how brightly lit the interior is.

Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman.

USS O-10
USS O-10 SS 71
USS O-10 SS 71
Looks like the sub is preparing to dock.
The vessel in the background could be one of the early
submarine rescue ships.
Early Sub Rescue Ship
Early Sub Rescue Ship. It could be one of four such vessels.
Chewink, Mallard, Ortolan or the Widgeon

USS O-10 SS 71
USS O-10 SS 71

USS O-10 moored to tender
USS O-10 moored to tender Camden. Two other boats moored inside her.
Possibly WW I time frame since boats have deck guns.

USS O-10 SS 71
USS O-10 SS 71

USS O-11
USS O-11 SS 72
USS O-11 SS 72

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USS O-11 and the Eagle No. 32. Photo taken in March of 1920 at Cape May, New Jersey. The Navy maintained a base there during WW I and WW II.

The O-11 is seen here after a period of yard work done at the Philadelphia Navy Yard prior to her deployment to Coco Solo to join the submarines based there.

The Eagle Boat Number 32 seen here was commissioned on September 4, 1919, too late for WW I. She is only 7 months old in this photo.

Photo in the Private Collection of George Petersen, grandson of George Petersen who took the Photo


CocoSolo Submarine Base
US Submarine base at Coco Solo, Panama 1923.

The R-26 is in the background with the white tarp over her fore deck. The Submarine Chaser in the background is SC 285 which can be seen in the O-5 rescue photo above.

The O-3 & O-7 are in front of the R -26. The O-9 is next closest to the camera. The two boats in the foreground are the USS O-5 and a mystery "O" boat. The O-5 reported to Coco Solo in January of 1923 and she sank Oct 18, 1923 with the loss of 2 lives.

Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-12
USS O-12 SS 73
USS O-12 SS 73 date of photo unknown.
I count 38 men topside, normal crew size would have been 29.
Location unknown.

Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-12 SS 73
USS O-12 SS 73 date of photo unknown.
35 men can be seen in this close up.
Location unknown.

Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

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Five "O" class submarines moored to the docks at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba April 1920.

The submarines are, Left to Right; USS O-14, USS O-12, USS O-15, USS O-13 and USS O-11. There seems to other submarines moored behind these five subs but who they may be is unknown.

Photo in the Private Collection of George Petersen, grandson of George Petersen who took the Photo


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Photo shows five "O" class submarines moored to a pier in Charleston Harbor in April of 1920, the subs were returning north from Panama. From Right to Left the subs are O-12, O-16, O-14, O-13 and the last boat next to the pier is presumed to be the O-15 since the photo taker, George Petersen, was aboard the O-15.

Laundry and bedding are hung out to dry on the life lines and the long wire radio antennas. On the pier the thick lines seen going over the edge of the dock are probably fuel hoses and the men are there to monitor them and help move them when needed.

Photo in the Private Collection of George Petersen, grandson of George Petersen.

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USS O-12 Electrical Gang. The photo is reported to be circa 1917 but the O-12 was not in commission yet. Being commissioned on October 19, 1918. The photo is more likely to have been taken after the submarine arrival in Coco Solo, Panama soon after commissioning. The O-12 was decommissioned on June 17, 1924.

There are additional crew in the background at the left side of the photo. Note the O-12's distinctive rectangular conning tower ports.

Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-12 SS 73
USS O-12 SS 73 circa 1921.
The men are topside for a crew photo.
Onlookers are standing by dockside. It appears that the duty officer is
aft by the conning tower talking with a woman. He is wearing a sidearm.

Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-12 SS 73
USS O-12 SS 73 circa 1921.
Crew photo close-ups.

Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-12 SS 73
USS O-12 SS 73 circa 1921.
Crew photo close-ups.

Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-12 SS 73
USS O-12 SS 73 circa 1921.
Duty Officer with sidearm talking to lady visitor.
Torpedo loading hatch with built in loading skids is raised.
Behind is the 3"/50 deck gun in its raised position. The round disk is the flash guard.

Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-12 SS 73
USS O-12 SS 73 circa 1920.
Crew topside for a photo shoot.
Lapstrake dingy is lashed to the side of the conning tower.
At the bottom of the photo is a list of names. There are only 24 names and 33 crew shown in the photo.
They are:
Morris, Swango, Satterfield, Dooley, Longfield, Lyons, White,
Coody, Burdick, Bingo, Clark, Merrill, Linder, Bower, Cherry,
Packard, Karp, Weigh, Thomas, McCarthy, Burton, Beckler, Ambroio, Elliot

Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-12 SS 73
USS O-12 SS 73 circa 1920.
Crew topside on the O-12 for a photo shoot.

Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-12 SS 73
USS O-12 SS 73 circa 1920.
Crew topside on the O-12 for a photo shoot.

Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-12 SS 73
USS O-12 SS 73 circa 1920.
Crew topside on the O-12 for a photo shoot.

Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-12 SS 73
USS O-12 SS 73 circa 1920.
Crew topside on the O-12 for a photo shoot.

Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-12 SS 73
USS O-12 SS 73 circa 1920.
Crew topside on the O-12 for a photo shoot.

Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-12 SS 73
USS O-12 SS 73 circa 1920.
Crew topside on the O-12 for a photo shoot.

Photo from the Private collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-12 SS 73; USS O-14 SS 75; USS O-13 SS 74 and USS O-15 SS 76
USS O-12 SS 73; USS O-14 SS 75; USS O-13 SS 74 and USS O-15 SS 76
Shown here on April 8, 1924, just two months before they were all decommissioned.
The O-12 was sold to the Wilkins-Ellsworth Trans Arctic Submarine Expedition.
Wilkins renamed the O-12 Nautilus for this expedition. Wilkins was trying to surface
at the North Pole but mechanical difficulties made that impossible. Another
Nautilus was to pass under the pole 25 years later But the first surfacing at
the pole was to be the USS SKATE(SSN-578) 28 years later. The O-12 was used
in this first attempt in 1931 and then was scuttled near Bergen, Norway in a fjord.
She was rediscovered in 1985 in about 1100 feet of water.
Position: N 60-26-15 / E 05-16-00

A cozy place
If you look at the picture just above this one you will see
these two men in the bow plane opening of the O-15.
(thanks to Kenneth Henry ENCS(SS) for these two pictures)

A cozy place
The USS O-12 shown here in her decommissioned state at the Philadelphia Navy Yard. Moored to the right in the photo is most likely the ex-USS Tonopah or Cheyenne. Both had been used as submarine tenders.

She was decommissioned 17 June 1924 and was placed in reserve at the Philadelphia Navy Yard.

Struck from the Naval Register 29 July 1930, she transferred to the United States Shipping Board for conversion by the Philadelphia Navy Yard for use on the Sir Hubert Wilkins Arctic Expedition of geophysical investigation.

After use by Lake and Dannenhower, Inc., of Bridgeport, Conn., for the Wilkins-Ellsworth Arctic Expedition, during which the submarine bore the name "NAUTILUS," O-12 was returned to the Navy Department. She was sunk 20 November 1931 in a Norwegian fjord.

Photo provided by the late Rick Larson MMCM (SS) (ret.)


Former USS O-12 now Nautilus
Former USS O-12 now Nautilus diving
View of Nautilus (ex-O-12) from deck of Navy Ship
View of Nautilus (ex-O-12) from deck of Navy Ship, 1931
Former USS O-12 now "Nautilus" on sea trials 5/25/1931 (top) and 5/15/1931 (bottom). You can see in the top and bottom photos that the original hull has been extended to bring the freeboard up to more than double the original height. The reason for this isn't clear at this time.  In the bottom picture the bow is to the right side of the photo as the boat slips beneath the surface.

USS O-13
USS O-13 surfacing
USS O-13 SS 74 coming to the surface after a 90 foot test dive off Guantanimo Bay, Cuba, March 3, 1919.

USS O-14
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The USS O-14 is seen here at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. In 1922 the USS O-14 was based out of the Submarine Base at Coco Solo, Panama, C.Z.; on January 26, 1922 she sailed to Guantanamo Bay, Cuba on a trial run. At Guantanamo Bay in February, she operated in formation in and around the Virgin Islands in March, before returning to Coco Solo. In May, 1922 O-14, with O-15 and O-16, resumed diving operations, which continued into 1923 as SubDiv 10 conducted diving tactical operations. In November, O-14 proceeded to Philadelphia for inactivation.

The USS O-14 was Decommissioned on June 17, 1924, The O-14 was then turned over to the Commandant of the Navy Yard, Philadelphia where she sat in mothballs. She was struck from the Navy Register on May 9, 1930, the boat was scrapped in accordance with the London Naval Treaty of July 30, 1930.

Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-15
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The USS O-15 seen in what most likely is the Panamanian waters off Coco Solo around the early 1920's. She had a short active service life. She was commissioned on August 25, 1918 and was decommissioned on June 11, 1924 and scrapped in 1930. The Lake built submarines of the R and O class had many problems and were deemed too problem prone and decommissioned by the Navy.

Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman

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The USS O-15 underway on June 28, 1919, "Peace Day", (the day Germany Signs Treaty of Versailles), at the Philidelphia Navy Yard. On the bridge, aft, is Lt Sifrein Fontaine Maury, the Commanding Officer. The other officers and men are not identified except for the man all the way forward with the heaving line in his hands. That is Seaman 1/c George V. Peterson, a cook striker.

Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman

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This is a second photo taken moments after the above photo. The USS O-15 underway on June 28, 1919, "Peace Day" at the Philidelphia Navy Yard. On the bridge, aft, is Lt Sifrein Fontaine Maury, the Commanding Officer. The other officers and men are not identified except for the man all the way forward. He is Seaman 1/c George V. Peterson, a cook striker.

In the background are seen are a number of battleships. The one closest to the camera at the right side of the photo is the USS New Hampshire BB 25. Also in the background just to the right of the conning tower is the destroyer USS Decatur (DD-5) and further to the right just past the battleships and sticking out behind the stern of the cargo ship is the bow of the USS Dale (DD-4). Stern to the camera is the USS Partridge (AM-16).

A Copy of this Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman Courtisy of George Petersen, grandson of George Petersen.

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The conning tower and stern of the O-15 is seen here with officers and crew. The man aft on the bridge is the commanding officer, Lt. Sifrein Fontaine Maury, (Grandson of Matthew Fontaine Maury the famed "Pathfinder of the Seas" and "Father of Modern Oceanography and Naval Meteorology"), Note that the submarines commissioning pennant is wrapped around the #2 periscope. The man to the right on the bridge is the helmsman and has the ships wheel in front of him. On the deck the 3"/23 caliber deck gun is raised. To the right of the conning tower and bridge in the background is the USS Decatur (DD-5).

A Copy of this Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman Courtesy of George Petersen, grandson of George Petersen.

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Crew of the O-15 standing on deck looking at the camera. In the center background, just to the left of the stern of the ship, can be seen the bow of the USS Dale (DD-4). To the right of the conning tower and bridge in the background is the USS Decatur (DD-5). The man all the way to the right is Seaman 1/c George V. Peterson, a cook striker.

A Copy of this Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman Courtesy of George Petersen, grandson of George Petersen..

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The second man from the left is Seaman 1/c George V. Petersen, cook striker. The o-15 is just passing the stern of the USS Partridge (AM-16) and running up the starboard side of the battleship USS New Hampshire BB-25.

A Copy of this Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman Courtesy of George Petersen, grandson of George Petersen.

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Three crew posing for a humorous photo while a torpedo is being loaded into the USS O-15. The O-11 is moored to the left. Photo circa 1920.

The man on the left is thought to be George Peterson, Cook Striker. The man on the right is pretending to kick the man in front in the back of the head.

The torpedo is suspended from a cinch around its belly that is hanging from the torpedo loading davit. The torpedo is most likely a Bliss-Levitt MK-10 Mode 3 torpedo that was 21 inches in diameter and 16.3 feet long. It weighed 2215 pounds and had a range of 3500 yards, (about 2 miles), and had a warhead a little less than 500 pounds of TNT or TPX.

A Copy of this Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman Courtesy of George Petersen, grandson of George Petersen.

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The USS O-15 in the background of what is most likely a posed photo of a sailor taking a drink from a coconut. Since the only vessel with clear identification is the O-15 we are assuming the man is a crew member of that vessel. The location is identified on the photo as being Coco Solo, Panama and the time frame could be any time circa 1920 to 1923. The ASR behind the man is probably the USS Falcon.

Photo in the Private Collection of Ric Hedman

USS O-16
USS O-16 SS 77
USS O-16 SS 77 date of photo unknown.
I count 70 men topside, normal crew size would have been 29.
Location unknown.

USS O-16 SS 77
USS O-16 SS 77 date of photo unknown.
I count 31 men alone in this close up.
O-16 can be seen on the side of the conning tower behind the men
Location unknown.

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A couple of unidentified sailors from the USS O-16 showing off on the deck of the O-16. One is assisting the other in going a handstand. The bathing suits being worn are made out of wool. Date is April 1920.

Photo in the Private Collection of George Petersen, grandson of George Petersen who took the photo.

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